Hybrid cars use internal combustion engines and electric motors to generate torque. The hybrid system was introduced to reduce carbon footprint and excessive usage of fuel. The car is dependent upon electric motors until batteries are depleted. There are different types and forms of motor systems used in hybrid cars to generate enough torque for the engine.
In this guide, we provide you with complete information about different hybrid cars motors and their usage.
How Hybrid Cars Work
Hybrid cars use two different types of systems: thermal engines and motor systems. Both of these systems work together to drive vehicles. The thermal system uses fossil fuel and electric motors use regenerative braking and plugins to generate electricity.
See the following details about thermal and electric systems explaining how hybrid cars work.
Thermal Engine
The petrol or diesel engine attached in the hybrid cars works similar to any internal combustion engine. The fuel and air mixture is pumped into the combustion chamber and ignited by the spark. This ignition burns fuel and generates energy. The emission and fuel consumption are reduced by shifting the engine to an electric motor during idling, or at a traffic stop.
Motor System
Motors in hybrid cars are capable of generating 12V of current on average. This current is used to run the engine when the car is idling. Moreover, it also provides energy to other accessories like Air Conditioning or dashboard warning lights. The general model of hybrid cars does not have charging options and uses regenerative braking systems to store electricity.
Types of Hybrid Car Motors
The electric motors in hybrid cars support combustion engines in multiple aspects like hill climbing, rapid acceleration and passing. Therefore, the type of electric motor system used in hybrid cars varies from vehicle to vehicle. However, the majority of hybrid vehicles use Alternating Current (AC) motors to store energy.
Here is the list of hybrid cars motors commonly used in hybrid vehicles.
Three Phase Induction Motor
The induction motor consists of two main parts: stator and rotor. The stator is different steel rings covered with motor winding. Electric energy from the car’s battery is provided to the stator which enforces the winding to conduct electricity and act as a magnet. This magnetic energy rotates the rotor and generates mechanical energy. Therefore, induction motors do not produce higher torque at the initial stage but are 90% to 95% efficient and low maintenance. Moreover, the torque adjustment capability of a three-phase induction motor is higher than any other AC motor which makes it efficient enough to operate a vehicle.
The three-phase induction motors are currently used by Tesla due to their higher efficiency. If you are interested in experiencing its working, browse through these used Tesla models.
Multi-Phase Induction Motor
The multi-phase induction motor works on the principle of Faraday’s law by the rate of change of magnetic flux through the circuit. It also contains a stator mounted at 120𝆩 which makes a rotating magnetic field when current is provided. This motor is capable of producing a higher amount of torque that provides instant energy to the vehicle. Cars using multi-phased induction motors like Ford Fusion are capable of speeding at a higher rate.
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM)
The permanent magnet motor contains a permanent magnet inside the rotor. These motors work similar to induction motors, but the major difference is due to electromotive force. The motor contains higher electromotive force which makes it more efficient. Due to its higher efficiency and ability to produce higher voltage, it is considered futuristic tech in hybrid cars.
Despite being more expensive than induction motors, the majority of hybrid cars are equipped with it. We have enlisted some of the hybrid models using permanent magnet motor below;
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How Much Torque Do Hybrid Motors Produce
This was all about working of hybrid cars motors in hybrid vehicles. The hybrid motor along with a combustion engine produces enough torque to power the vehicle. With time, the torque-producing capability of hybrid vehicles increased, introducing a series of hybrid supercars in Dubai and other emirates. Currently, sedan hybrids can speed from 0 to 97 kph in less than 6 seconds. Moreover, the future Principle of Torque Split will be soon in the market that can increase the hybrid vehicle speed even more.
This was all about the hybrid cars motors producing enough energy for the vehicle. Hybrid vehicles due to lesser emissions and fuel efficiency are considered the future of the automotive industry. If you are interested in experiencing hybrid vehicles, browse through used cars for sale in the UAE.
Stay tuned to UAE’s top auto blog for more information on hybrid vehicles
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