The anti-lock brake system determines the speed of the moving wheel using a wheel speed sensor to control the anti-lock brake or traction control functions accordingly. Some cars use a single sensor on one wheel for speed signals, while others rely on multiple sensors.
However, some vehicles with anti-lock brakes use speed wheel and transmission outputs to spot any faults, whereas those that don’t have an anti-lock brake system use the transmission output alone. When the wheel speed sensor breaks, the dashboard light for ABS or traction control system turns on. Similarly, after scanning the ABS computer, if you receive a trouble code, it is most likely that the sensor is unplugged or needs replacement.
Fortunately, it is easy to replace a wheel speed sensor and takes you about an hour at maximum. You can also remove the ABS wheel speed sensors separately keeping other parts integrated into the wheel bearing hub assembly.
PREPARING TO REMOVE A WHEEL SPEED SENSOR
Park your car on level ground. Set off the emergency brake and turn the engine off. But before that make sure you buy auto parts and accessories as well as tools to get the job done. Besides, check and ensure that you have got the right type of wheel speed sensor, compatible with your vehicle’s make and model.
Use a jack to lift the car up. You need to remove a tyre or replace a control module. You will also need to remove the brake calliper and brake pads when you replace a wheel speed sensor.
Read on for a step-by-step guide to replacing a wheel speed sensor.
HOW TO REPLACE A WHEEL SPEED SENSOR
Here is a step-by-step guide on how to replace an ABS wheel speed sensor yourself:
STEP 1
Before you jack the vehicle up for wheel speed sensor replacement, use a half-inch drive breaker bar along with a lug nut socket set to pull the lug nuts loose.
STEP 2
Now use the jack to lift your vehicle up in the air and place stands to keep it in position. Make sure you have jacked the vehicle up in the correct location. Ensure the stands are in place on the frame before you lower the vehicle onto them.
STEP 3
The next step is to remove the old speed sensor. You might have to remove the brake pads and rotors to get a clearer view of the bolts that hold the sensors onto the hub. Once done, remove any clips that are securing the sensor wiring to the vehicle’s body. Unplug the wires so that they can be completely removed. Use sandpaper or emery cloth to clean rust in areas where the new sensor will be replaced.
STEP 4
Get a new wheel speed sensor and brake parts. Repeat step 3 in reverse order. Plug in the new connector and route the harness back so it is secured to the vehicle body. Insert it into the hub or the knuckle.
In case you need to remove the brakes as well, simply reinstall the rotor and brake calliper bracket alongside the brake pads. Make sure you rotate everything according to the factory specifications.
STEP 5
Now that you have replaced the speed sensor, it’s time to reinstall the wheels. Using the lug nuts, simply place the wheels back onto the wheel hub assembly and snug them down with a ratchet and socket.
STEP 6
Place the jack in the correct spot under the vehicle, lift the car up, and remove the jack stands. Now you can lower the vehicle back to the ground.
STEP 7
You have to rotate the wheels back. Most car models use a torque from 36 kgs to 45 kgs whereas SUVs and trucks use anywhere from 41 kgs to 54 kgs. As done earlier, use a half-inch torque wrench to twist the lug nuts to their proper specification.
STEP 8
Take your vehicle out on a test drive. You will have to remember that after you replace a wheel speed sensor, the dashboard lights should turn off. Otherwise, take your vehicle to a certified mechanic and have them reset the internal computer. For a test drive, go down a safe road, speed up, and hit the brakes hard to ensure the ABS is working properly.
FAQs
How to test the wheel speed sensor
Car experts use a multimeter or a scan tool to test the wheel speed sensor. One of the most common signs of a malfunctioning wheel speed sensor is when the ABS dashboard light stays consistently on. There are other dashboard warning lights as well you should know about.
How do you change a wheel speed sensor?
The DIY technique to change a wheel speed sensor needs meticulous attention, know-how of vehicle mechanics and the right tools. You’ll need a half-inch driver breaker bar, lug nug socket and mechanical or hydraulic car jack, among other tools. Also, take help from the aforementioned steps to replace wheel speed sensor.
Do you have to program a new wheel speed sensor?
Not all wheel speed sensors need to be programmed. Some sensors are pre-programmed and can be installed without any additional steps. However, the sensors that are connected to the tyre pressure monitoring system (TPMS) need to be programmed into the vehicle’s computer. Therefore, it is recommended to consult a certified auto technician for the ABS speed sensor replacement.
As you can see, replacing a wheel speed sensor is a one-way, straight job given that you have the right tools and knowledge. Whether you own a used car in the UAE or a new one, if you think you can’t or don’t want to replace the part yourself, then head to a service centre for professional assistance.
We hope you have learned ABS wheel speed sensor replacement by the abovementioned steps. Once you have done the replacement, you will have to be observant of abnormal noises or performance issues in your test drive that could possibly indicate a problem requiring further inspection.
Stay tuned to UAE’s top auto blog for wheel speed sensor replacement tips and other resourceful how-to guides.
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