BMW (Bayerische Motoren Werke AG) started as an aircraft engine manufacturer in Germany. After World War I and due to the restrictions on aircraft manufacturing, BMW shifted its focus to motorcycles. In 1923, the company introduced its first motorcycle, the BMW R32. This model laid the foundation for the boxer-twin engine configuration that would become a hallmark of BMW motorcycles. Let’s go through the history of BMW motorcycles in detail.
BMW Motorrad History Timeline
On March 7, 1916, the company, BMW was established. Just a year later, Karl Rapp Motorenwerke changed its name to Bayerische Motoren Werke GmbH (BMW) and in 1918, it became public.
During this period, BMW was primarily engaged in the production of aero engines, supplying engines to other companies and manufacturing train brakes. It took several years before BMW ventured into the production of its motorcycles.
1920: Introduction Of the first BMW Motorrad boxer engine
The initial M2 B 15 motorcycle engine was crafted by Martin Stolle, a foreman at BMW. Stolle chose the boxer configuration, a design that had already proven successful in his personal Douglas. This type of two-cylinder engine featured counter-rotating pistons, ensuring excellent mass balance and smooth operation. With a displacement of 298 cc, the two-cylinder boxer produced 4.8 kW (6.5 hp) and was distributed to motorcycle manufacturers like Victoria and Helios for installation on their bikes.
This innovative engine quickly made its mark in the debut Victoria motorcycle, the KR 1, and showcased impressive performance in competitive events. In 1921, at the International Reich Rally, the KR 1 secured the best time of the day on two occasions, establishing its prowess in the motorcycle arena.
1923: The BMW R 32 – The first BMW motorcycle came to life
In 1923, the BMW R 32 marked a significant milestone as the inaugural BMW motorcycle was brought to life under the guidance of Max Friz. At this stage, BMW assumed control of Helio’s production with the explicit goal of creating its motorcycle. Friz, serving as the technical director and chief designer at BMW, spearheaded the development of the BMW R32.
Tngine now positioned longitudinally to the crankshaft distinguishing itself from the Victoria and Helios. This also aligned parallel to the direction of travel. This design choice resulted in cylinders extending to the left and right.
The R32 showcased a new boxer engine feature that became synonymous with BMW motorcycles. As opposed to a more delicate chain or belt, this feature was coupled with a flange-mounted gearbox and a robust shaft drive.
With a 198-cc unit producing 6.35 kW (8.5 hp), the bike achieved a top speed of 100 km/h. The R32 left a lasting impact on the industry; its low-wear, low-maintenance shaft drive gained recognition, especially on the challenging gravel roads of that era. Furthermore, riders appreciated the bike’s combination of safety and sporty handling.
1924 – 1939: Non-stop Sporting Success
A powerful endorsement for a new motorcycle, especially for a nascent brand, is achieved through sporting triumphs. This milestone was realised in February 1924, when Rudolf Schleicher secured victory in the hill climb on the Mittenwalder Gsteig country road in the Alps, riding the BMW R 32.
Following this success, Schleicher played a pivotal role in engineering the R 37, a model derived from the R 32. While maintaining identical chassis technology and design, the R 37 featured a distinct engine, boasting an almost doubled output of 16 horsepower.
Latre on, three prototypes of the R 37 competed at the Solitude racetrack in southwest Germany in 1924. The prototypes promptly secured three classic wins for BMW Motorrad. The crowning moment came when Franz Bieber was acclaimed as the German Champion.
Equally impactful in advertising endeavours are world speed records. In 1937, BMW works rider Ernst Henne set the last of his numerous world records, achieving an impressive speed of almost 280 km/h on a fully faired supercharged BMW. Remarkably, Henne’s record remained unchallenged for the subsequent 14 years.
In 1939, Georg Meier piloted his supercharged BMW race bike to victory in the prestigious Tourist Trophy on the Isle of Man, the oldest motorcycle road race in the world. This victory catapulted BMW motorcycles into the spotlight and ignited widespread conversation.
1950-1960s – The Post-War Era
After the war, BMW faced challenges, but it managed to rebuild and reestablish itself as a motorcycle manufacturer. The BMW R50 and R69 models in the 1950s showcased the brand’s commitment to quality and performance.
1969: The new BMW /5 series came into being
In 1969, the brand-new BMW /5 series rolled off the production line at the BMW plant in Berlin-Spandau. Earlier, motorcycle manufacturers faced challenges in the mid-1950s as the popularity of cars grew due to their increased comfort and practicality. However, by the late 1960s, positive signals from the American motorcycle market hinted at a potential resurgence.
In 1969, BMW strategically introduced the all-new /5 series, marking a significant turning point. This series was the first to be manufactured at the newly established BMW motorcycle plant in Berlin-Spandau.
Staying true to tradition, the /5 motorcycles retained the successful boxer engine, although the design of the new unit differed significantly from its predecessors. The crankshaft was now forged in a single piece and operated on plain bearings, with the camshaft positioned below it.
While the engine casing maintained the tunnel design, it was considerably stiffer, allowing for increased engine capacity. Moreover, the chassis underwent a complete overhaul. The series comprised models ranging from the 24 kW (32 hp) R 50/5 and the 29 kW (40 hp) R 60/5 to the top-of-the-range R 75/5, boasting an impressive 37 kW (50 hp) and a top speed of 175 km/h.
1973: BMW R 90 S – The first BMW superbike
In 1973, the Berlin team marked the 50th anniversary of BMW motorcycles and the production milestone of the 500,000th BMW bike. During this notable year, the BMW R 90 S made a triumphant return to competitive sports, breaking the hiatus since the R 69 S. Equipped with a robust 898 cc engine and massive 38 mm carburettors, the motorcycle has an impressive top speed of 200 km/h.
Distinguished by its dynamic handlebar fairing and sporty yet elegant paintwork, initially available in Smoke Silver and later in the iconic Daytona Orange, the R 90 S was meticulously designed to captivate sporty riders.
The R 90 S not only appealed to enthusiasts through its aesthetics but also garnered racing success. Hans-Otto Butenuth and Helmut Dähne secured a class victory in the 1976 Production TT. The same year witnessed Steve McLaughlin winning the prestigious Daytona 200 Miles, and his teammate Reg Pridmore was crowned the American Superbike Champion.
These achievements in the history of BMW motorcycles are just a few reasons contributing to the enduring popularity of the R 90 S, both then and now.
1980: R 80 G/S – Entering a new segment
In 1980, BMW Motorrad introduced a groundbreaking innovation to the realm of boxer engines with the launch of the R 80 G/S. The “G/S” in the bike’s nomenclature represents “Gelände/Straße,” translating to “offroad/road” in German.
This debut marked a significant and enduring transformation in the motorcycle landscape, establishing the large or travel enduro segment, which remains a pivotal part of the industry to this day.
Powered by a robust 797 cc engine producing 37 kW (50 hp) and weighing in at a mere 186 kilograms, the R 80 G/S provided ample power, enabling not only light to medium off-roading but also delivering a sporty and dynamic performance on paved roads.
The success of the R 80 G/S gave rise to an entire model family. In 1988, the R 65 G/S was introduced, offering a 20 kW (27 hp) version of the original G/S that was more cost-effective to insure. Concurrently, responding to the demand for increased performance and torque, BMW Motorrad unveiled the R 100 GS, boasting 44 kW (60 hp).
This notable model in the history of BMW motorcycles introduced the Paralever swing arm, featuring a double joint and driving force support that significantly mitigated undesirable swing-arm reactions.
1988: BMW K1 Introduced Smart Aerodynamics and Anti Lock Braking System
In the year 1988, BMW Motorrad introduced the K1 motorcycle and achieved a significant breakthrough in aerodynamics. This was the first motorcycle to embrace a full-fairing concept. It had both front and rear fairings, along with a partially covered front wheel.
Additionally, the K1 featured integrated small storage compartments at the rear, a novel inclusion reminiscent of case systems. Boasting a remarkable top speed of 230 km/h compared to other 74 kW (100 hp) bikes of its category, the K1 owed its impressive performance to its effective aerodynamics. Notably, it became the first BMW series motorcycle to incorporate four-valve technology and the pioneering use of digital engine electronics.
In the same year, BMW Motorrad introduced a groundbreaking safety feature: ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), marking a first in production motorcycles. Initially available as an optional extra for the K models, such as the K 100 and K1, ABS quickly gained popularity. The feature extended to other BMW Motorrad bike series. Within its inaugural year, over 50 percent of customers opted for the innovative ABS safety system on their motorcycles.
1993: R 1100 RS – A modern chassis and air and oil-cooled boxer engine
One of the most notable breakthroughs in BMW Motorrad’s development occurred in the 1990s with the complete redevelopment of the boxer engine. Unveiled at the IFMA in Cologne in September 1992, this revamped engine made its debut in the first all-new boxer model since the launch of the /5 series in 1969 – the R 1100 RS, tested by journalists in 1993.
The R 1100 RS was a showcase of innovations. Featuring air and oil cooling, electronic fuel injection and four-valve technology, the bike delivered a powerful 66 kW (90 hp) from the 1085 cc engine. Equally fascinating was the groundbreaking chassis concept. While the Paralever swingarm with driving force support was already known, the innovative Telelever front suspension stole the spotlight.
In this setup, the telefork controlled wheel movements, while shock absorption and damping were transferred via a wishbone to a central strut. Underpinning all these advancements was an entirely new chassis concept: the R 1100 RS. This innovation marked the first production bike to forego a conventional main frame, relying on the engine as the load-bearing element.
2009: S 1000 RR – BMW Motorrad’s first four-cylinder superbike
In a groundbreaking achievement, on March 1, 2009, a historic moment unfolded at the opening race of the Superbike World Championship on Phillip Island, Australia with two BMW bikes. Both bikes on the starting grid were race versions of the BMW S 1000 RR superbike. Simultaneously, at the BMW Motorrad plant in Berlin, production of the series S 1000 RR was gearing up.
Boasting an impressive 142 kW (192 hp) from its 999-cc engine and demonstrating exceptional handling on both road and track, the newcomer swiftly established itself as the benchmark for the segment. The supersports bike was equipped with an all-new Race ABS and dynamic traction control (DTC), mirroring the principles of the race DTC system.
Despite adhering to the design language of the segment, the S 1000 RR featured an unmistakably BMW Motorrad touch with its asymmetric headlight.
2010: Six cylinders and adaptive cornering light for superior riding
According to BMW Motorrad History, the year 2010 marked a significant milestone with the introduction of the K 1600 GT and K 1600 GTL, ushering in a new era in handling, long-distance capabilities and comfort.
In series motorcycle production, these motorcycles featured the most compact straight six-cylinder engine, delivering unparalleled agility, riding dynamics and a luxurious overall package. With a robust 118 kW (160 hp) and maximum torque of 175 Nm, the six-cylinder power units provided ample forward thrust.
The development of the K 1600 GT prioritised exceptional wind and weather protection. Achieving perfection in the innovative design, functionality and aerodynamic qualities required intricate testing in the wind tunnel.
For the first time, these new BMW Motorrad touring bikes offered the adaptive cornering light. This was an optional extra alongside the standard xenon headlight. The functionality improved the conventional range adjustment of the primary headlight by adapting to the lean angles encountered on the road. Besides, here is a list of different types of headlights.
2013: BMW R nineT – BMW Motorrad’s 90 years
Unveiled on the occasion of BMW Motorrad’s 90th anniversary, the BMW R nineT emerged as a purist, potent and stripped-down motorcycle. With a marriage of the robust boxer engine’s essence and design elements from various bike epochs, the R nineT offered an extensive range of customisation options.
Coupled with innovative technology and a modular concept, this launch not only marked a significant moment in the history of BMW Motorrad but also ignited a customising trend that later carried forward with the BMW R 18.
Stripped down to its essentials, the BMW R nineT, often referred to as “nineT,” exuded the character of a meticulously crafted bike, evoking strong emotional appeal. Embracing the concept of a classic roadster, the motorcycle fulfilled riders’ desires for authentic biking pleasure.
Key priorities included purist simplicity, emotion and the use of genuine materials. Consequently, the nineT seamlessly integrated classic, style-defining elements.
2020: BMW R 18 – Cruising with the big boxer
In April 2020, BMW Motorrad made its foray into the cruiser segment with the introduction of the R 18. At its heart is an entirely new two-cylinder boxer engine, aptly named the “big boxer.” Boasting the largest displacement among all engines in production motorcycles, this 1,802 cc two-cylinder powerplant generates a robust 67 kW (91 hp). With a torque of 150 Nm consistently available between 2,000 and 4,000 rpm, the R 18 delivers strong traction complemented by a rich, full sound.
Distinguished from its predecessors, the R 18 embraces the heritage of historical BMW bikes, drawing inspiration from iconic models like the BMW R 5. The emphasis is placed on the essentials, embracing purist, no-frills technology with the boxer engine at the core of the riding experience.
The overall concept seamlessly integrates classic design elements with clear yet contemporary technology, giving rise to the R 18—a motorcycle that provides a captivating ride that is both refined and emotionally resonant.
2021: BMW CE 04 – Electric and mobile in urban areas
In the summer of 2021, BMW Motorrad advanced its electromobility strategy for urban environments with the introduction of the BMW CE 04. Emerging as the final series version following the 2017 BMW Motorrad Concept Link and the nearly production-ready definition CE 04 in 2020, the BMW CE 04 represented a significant evolution in urban bike mobility.
The new scooter, equipped with an electric drive, distinctive design and innovative connectivity features, seamlessly integrates transportation and communication for a novel approach to urban mobility.
Generating 31 kW (42 hp), the BMW CE 04 delivers ample power and excitement, passing the traffic light test by accelerating from 0 to 50 km/h in a swift 2.6 seconds. Even with limited output, the bike offered substantial power, providing 23 kW (31 hp). Both power variants had a top speed of 120 km/h. This ensured swift progress not only within city limits but also on the motorway.
2023: BMW M 1000 XR becomes the third M model
The letter M holds a global association with racing triumphs and the allure of high-performance BMW motorcycles, particularly catering to customers who prioritise performance, exclusivity and individuality.
By the conclusion of 2018, BMW Motorrad extended the successful M Automobile strategy to the realm of bikes, introducing special M equipment packages and M Performance Parts. The BMW M 1000 RR and M 1000 R emerged as the first dedicated M models in the BMW Motorsport heritage.
In June of its centenary year, BMW Motorrad unveiled a prototype M 1000 XR, aligning with the brand’s nearly 100-year sporting tradition. This prototype provided a glimpse into a super-sporty bike, offering an unprecedented level of performance on country roads, long distances and race tracks within the BMW Motorsport segment.
Besides, here are some interesting facts about BMW M cars.
2023: BMW CE 02 – The cool eParkourer for cities and urban areas
The BMW CE 02 is an open invitation for a fresh audience to embrace the BMW Motorrad brand. Tailored for young riders, this electric free runner is distinct from both motorcycles and scooters, designed specifically for urban environments.
Geared for city commuting, it combines agility, versatility and sturdiness, showcasing a visually streamlined appearance that focuses on the essentials. Equipped with large wheels, it ensures stability and provides an enjoyable riding experience across diverse terrains.
Featuring a peak performance of 11 kW (15 hp), the CE 02 is accessible to riders aged 16 and above. Additionally, a version with a 4 kW and a nominal 45 km/h top speed, it aligned with the requirements for the AM-class driving licence. This means that in Germany, for instance, individuals aged 15 and older or those with a car driving licence can operate this version of the CE 02.
Alternatively, fervent admirers of BMW cars have the opportunity to explore the rich history of BMW cars.
2023: BMW Motorrad’s Century
To celebrate its century, a grand jubilee exhibition was held at the BMW Museum in Munich on May 12, 2023. Over the next year, visitors will have the opportunity to delve into the 100-year history of BMW Motorrad as the iconic BMW Museum Bowl pays homage to BMW motorcycles, featuring more than 55 original bikes spanning ten decades.
Constructed in 1973, the architecture of the circular building continues to captivate visitors, offering a journey through approximately 15 stations. The five expansive exhibition levels focus on prominent BMW Motorrad designers, in addition to the diverse interests of customers, captivating juxtapositions of old and new and unique model lineups.
Moreover, a dedicated platform introduces special treasures from the historic motorcycle collection of BMW Group Classic for the very first time.
FAQs
When was BMW Motorrad founded?
BMW Motorrad was officially founded on October 1, 1923.
What was the first motorcycle produced by BMW Motorrad?
The first motorcycle produced by BMW Motorrad was the BMW R32, introduced in 1923.
What is the significance of the BMW R32 in motorcycle history?
The BMW R32 was the first motorcycle to be produced by BMW and is credited for introducing the iconic BMW boxer engine design.
That is all about the history of BMW motorcycles. Enthusiasts can go through these used motorcycles for sale in the UAE including known BMW motorcycles.
Stay tuned to UAE’s top auto blog for more on automotive generations, tips and much more.
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